上海高校智库
智领上海｜慧聚中国
智览天下
“市场经济地位”是一个经济学概念，它按照一个国家市场经济在全国经济中的重要性，以及国家政府对于经济的干预程度，来判断一国经济的市场化水平。目前，已有俄罗斯、巴西、新西兰、瑞士和澳大利亚等80余个国家承认中国的市场经济地位，而美国、欧盟、日本和加拿大在内的多个国家和区域经济组织却并未承认。今年年初，欧盟委员会就是否承认中国市场经济地位进行了讨论，当时达成的共识仅仅是“2016年下半年再决定这个问题“。但此次在复旦大学和丹麦哥本哈根大学联合举办的”欧洲中国论坛“上，北欧部长理事会秘书长达格芬·赫布劳腾已向《中国日报》记者表明北欧五国对这一问题的态度。
北欧部长理事会秘书长达格芬•赫布劳腾（Dagfinn Hoybraten）称，北欧五国在给予中国市场经济地位的问题上基本与丹麦保持一致，但是这取决于每一个国家的态度，而不是北欧部长理事会的态度。
4月29日在丹麦的哥本哈根，由复旦大学和哥本哈根大学联合举办的“2016复旦-欧洲中国论坛”上，赫布劳腾接受中国日报采访时表示，“我认为北欧五国的政策整体上偏向承认中国的市场经济地位，但依然是各国政府需要解决的问题。”
3月31日，习近平主席在华盛顿全球核安全峰会期间会见了丹麦首相拉斯穆森，丹麦对承认中国市场经济地位表示支持。
北欧部长理事会负责芬兰、瑞典、挪威、丹麦和冰岛之间的政策协调，已经与中国签署自由贸易协定。
赫布劳腾计划在五月底到访中国，参加复旦大学主办的上海论坛。上周在哥本哈根举办的欧洲中国论坛每年举办一次，由复旦—欧洲中国研究中心主办。该中心由复旦大学和哥本哈根大学联合发起，服务于日益密切的中欧交流。
欧盟是否会在中国加入世界贸易组织15年之后给予中国的市场经济地位，对中欧关系是一个考验。
中方认为，中国应该受到加入世界贸易组织后相应的对待。中国驻欧盟大使杨燕怡表示，中国相信欧盟的政治智慧，期待欧盟与世贸组织协定保持一致，承认中国的市场经济地位。
“这一建设性的举动将巩固中欧双方开放、可靠的经济环境，提升贸易和投资，减少贸易摩擦，”杨大使说道。
欧盟通过寻求公共磋商、欧盟委员会评估、欧洲议会投票发起“承认过程”，英国和德国等许多成员已经同意给予中国市场经济地位。
有专家分析认为欧盟的对策没有“自动”给予中国市场经济地位可能使这一过程更加复杂，并影响中欧关系的发展。
Nordic countries agree on China's market economy status
The five Nordic countries generally hold the same position as Denmark to give China market-economy status, but it is up to individual countries to decide and not the Nordic Council of Ministers, according to Dagfinn Hoybraten, secretary-general of the council.
"I think, in general, it is the Nordic policy toward that way (recognizing China's market-economy status) but it is a question for individual governments to address," Hoybraten told China Daily in Copenhagen on April 29 at the Europe-China Forum organized by Fudan University and Copenhagen University.Denmark supported the recognition of China's full-market economy status after President Xi Jinping met Danish Prime Minister Lars Lokke Rasmussen on March 31 at the sidelines of the global nuclear security summit in Washington.The Nordic Council of Ministers is responsible for policy coordination between Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Iceland, which has already signed a free-trade agreement with China.Hoybraten is scheduled to visit China at the end of May to attend the Shanghai Forum, organized by Fudan University. Last week's forum in Copenhagen was an annual event of the Fudan-European Center for China Studies, a joint initiative of Fudan University and the University of Copenhagen to meet a growing demand for China-Europe exchanges.Whether to give China market-economy status at the end of this year after 15 years of a transitional period of China joining the World Trade Organization is testing EU-China relations.Beijing said China should be automatically given such treatment in line with its WTO accession agreements. Yang Yanyi, Chinese ambassador to the EU, said recently that China trusts the EU's political wisdom and looks forward to the EU's timely compliance with the WTO agreement and recognition of China's market-economy status."Such a constructive move will strengthen an open and reliable bilateral economic environment, boost trade and investment and reduce trade frictions," said Yang.The EU has launched its "approval process" by asking for public consultations, a European Commission assessment and European Parliament voting while many member states such as the UK and Germany have agreed to give China such treatment.
Analysts have expressed concern that the EU's approach instead of granting China such status automatically may make the process complicated and damage bilateral relationships.
FU Jing | China Daily
本文来源：
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/cn_eu/2016-05/03/content_25011670.htm?from=timeline&isappinstalled=0
作者：付敬 | 《中国日报》驻布鲁塞尔首席记者
翻译：马绍炎 审校：Sylvia 编辑：李莞蓉
